工艺与制造英文2021被引 60
自动纤维铺放工艺中铺层缺陷检测的图像分割技术综述
Review of image segmentation techniques for layup defect detection in the Automated Fiber Placement process
Sebastian Meister, Mahdieu Wermes, Jan Stüve, Roger M. Groves · Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)
摘要整理
自动纤维铺放(AFP)工艺已成为航空航天工业制造纤维增强复合材料构件的常用技术,该工艺可同时铺放多根复合材料纱束。目前,手工检测通常占制造周期的50%以上,且质量保证的准确性因检验员而异。因此,检测自动化是提高效率的有效途径。为改进缺陷检测系统性能,本文对29种统计、谱域和结构分割算法进行了综合评估,评估基于文献和工艺要求确定的9项关键指标。考虑到确定性和技术可转移性,本文未涉及需要大量训练数据的新型机器学习算法开发。随后,对7种最具前景的算法进行了实验研究,采用激光线扫描传感器深度图像数据进行测试。为验证算法鲁棒性,还生成并应用了含噪声图像。测试数据包含5类缺陷,每类50个样本。研究结果表明,自适应阈值法(Adaptive Thresholding)和单元标准差阈值法(Cell Wise Standard Deviation Thresholding)性能最优,检测准确率均超过97%。值得注意的是,输入数据质量会影响检测结果。采用合理参数设置的可行算法能够对铺放材料进行可靠的缺陷分割。
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