工艺与制造英文2026
生物聚合物降解探索：环境影响与未来展望
Exploring biopolymer degradation: Environmental effects and future insights
Anteneh Tilahun Awoke · Bahir Dar University
摘要整理
本文系统阐述了生物聚合物作为传统塑料可持续替代品的降解机制、环境影响及其效应。生物聚合物降解过程受温度、湿度、微生物活性、氧气、pH值和紫外线照射等生物因素、非生物因素和环境因素的复杂影响。研究强调了降解过程中存在的潜在风险，包括微塑料产生、毒性物质释放和生态系统扰动，同时指出了生物聚合物的环保优势，如污染减少和微塑料污染缓解。文章深入分析了当前面临的主要挑战：法律监管缺失、降解测试标准不统一、自然环境中降解速率缓慢以及经济成本高昂等问题。未来发展方向应聚焦于先进监测技术、循环经济原则、政策制定和公众意识提升。研究表明，生物聚合物具有显著的环保潜力，但要充分实现其在可持续发展中的价值，需要深化科学研究、推进技术创新和加强国际合作。
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