工艺与制造英文2026
功能性聚乙烯醇/无患子壳颗粒生物复合材料:面向可持续热塑性包装材料的研究
Functional poly (vinyl alcohol)/sapindus mukorossi shell particulate biocomposites: Toward sustainable thermoplastic materials for packaging applications
B. Devi, P. Udhayakumar, Balavairavan Balasubramanian · K.L.N. College of Engineering
摘要整理
本研究开发了基于聚乙烯醇(PVA)基体的环保型热塑性生物复合材料薄膜,利用未充分利用的无患子壳颗粒(SMSP)作为生物基填料。通过添加不同含量的SMSP,对所得复合材料进行了全面表征。光谱分析证实了PVA与SMSP之间存在强的分子间氢键作用,即使未经化学改性亦然;X射线衍射显示分子有序性增强。热稳定性显著提升,炭化产率从纯PVA的0.83%提高至含25 wt% SMSP时的17.6%。机械性能在20 wt% SMSP含量时达到最优,拉伸强度为48.4 MPa,杨氏模量为69.9 MPa,穿刺强度为54.5 MPa;更高的填料含量导致轻微团聚,效率下降。阻隔性能显著改善,水吸收和水蒸气透过率随扩散迂曲度增加而降低。最高SMSP负载时,水吸收和溶解度分别降至31.1%和34.6%,水蒸气透过率下降约48%。原子力显微镜(AFM)图像显示表面粗糙度增加,增强了机械互锁效应。填料含量增加导致光学透明度降低,源于光散射作用,展现出有效的紫外线屏蔽特性。本研究表明,用无患子壳颗粒增强PVA薄膜可显著改善其机械性能、热性能和阻隔性能,证明了这种低成本、可生物降解的生物废弃物作为高性能可持续热塑性包装材料增强体的应用潜力。
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